Glycerin |56-81-5
Bayanan Jiki na Samfur:
| Sunan samfur | Glycerin |
| Kayayyaki | Ruwa mara launi, mara wari tare da ɗanɗano mai daɗi |
| Wurin narkewa(°C) | 290 (101.3KPa);182 (266KPa) |
| Wurin tafasa (°C) | 20 |
| Yawan dangi (20°C) | 1.2613 |
| Dangantakar tururi mai yawa (iska = 1) | 3.1 |
| Matsakaicin zafin jiki (°C) | 576.85 |
| Matsin lamba (MPa) | 7.5 |
| Fihirisar Rarraba (n20/D) | 1.474 |
| Dankowa (MPa20/D) | 6.38 |
| Wuta Wuta (°C) | 523 (PT);429 (Gilashi) |
| Wurin walƙiya (°C) | 177 |
| Solubility | iya sha hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, sulfur dioxide.Za a iya zama miscible da ruwa, ethanol, 1 ɓangare na samfurin za a iya narkar da a cikin 11 sassa na ethyl acetate, game da 500 sassa na ether, insoluble a benzene, carbon disulfide, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, man fetur ether, chloroform, man fetur.Sauƙaƙe da ruwa, asarar ruwa don samar da bis-glycerol da polyglycerol, da dai sauransu. Oxidation don samar da glycerol aldehyde da glycerol acid.Yana haɓaka a 0 ° C, yana ƙirƙirar lu'ulu'u na rhombohedral tare da kyalkyali.Polymerisation yana faruwa a zazzabi na kusan 150 ° C.Ba za a iya hade tare da anhydrous acetic anhydride, potassium permanganate, karfi acid, corrosives, m amines, isocyanates, oxidising jamiái. |
Bayanin samfur:
Glycerin, wanda aka sani da glycerol a cikin ka'idodin ƙasa, mara launi ne, mara wari, mai daɗi-wariing Organic abu tare da bayyanar wani m m ruwa.An fi sani da glycerol.Glycerol, zai iya sha danshi daga iska, amma kuma yana sha hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide da sulfur dioxide.
Kayayyakin Samfura da Kwanciyar hankali:
1.Colorless, m, wari, danko ruwa tare da zaki dandano da hygroscopicity.Miscible tare da ruwa da alcohols, amines, phenols a kowane rabo, ruwa bayani ne tsaka tsaki.Mai narkewa a cikin sau 11 ethyl acetate, kusan sau 500 ether.Marasa narkewa a cikin benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, man ethers, mai, dogon sarkar m barasa.Mai ƙonewa, zai iya haifar da konewa da fashewa lokacin da aka haɗu da ma'auni mai ƙarfi kamar chromium dioxide da potassium chlorate.Har ila yau, yana da kyaun ƙarfi ga yawancin gishiri da iskar gas.Mara lalacewa ga karafa, ana iya yin oxidised zuwa acrolein lokacin amfani da sauran ƙarfi.
2.Chemical Properties: esterification dauki tare da acid, kamar tare da benzene dicarboxylic acid esterification don samar da alkyd resin.Halin transesterification tare da ester.Yana amsawa da hydrogen chloride don samar da chlorinated alcohols.Rashin ruwa na Glycerol yana da hanyoyi guda biyu: rashin ruwa na intermolecular don samun diglycerol da polyglycerol;rashin ruwa na intramolecular don samun acrolein.Glycerol yana amsawa tare da tushe don samar da barasa.Aiki tare da aldehydes da ketones suna haifar da acetals da ketones.Oxidation tare da tsarma nitric acid yana samar da glyceraldehyde da dihydroxyacetone;oxidation tare da lokaci-lokaci acid yana samar da formic acid da formaldehyde.Tare da oxidants masu ƙarfi kamar chromic anhydride, potassium chlorate ko potassium permanganate lamba, na iya haifar da konewa ko fashewa.Glycerol kuma na iya taka rawar nitrification da acetylation.
3.Ba mai guba.Ko da yawan adadin shan har zuwa 100g na maganin dilute ba shi da lahani, a cikin jiki bayan hydrolysis da oxidation kuma ya zama tushen kayan abinci.A cikin gwaje-gwajen dabba, yana da tasirin maganin sa barci iri ɗaya kamar barasa lokacin da aka sanya shi ya sha mai yawa.
4. Akwai a cikin toya taba, taba farar ribbed, kayan yaji, da hayakin sigari.
5. Yana faruwa a dabi'a a cikin taba, giya, giya, koko.
Aikace-aikacen samfur:
1. Resin masana'antu: ana amfani da shi wajen kera resin alkyd da resin epoxy.
2. Coating masana'antu: amfani a cikin shafi masana'antu don yin daban-daban alkyd resins, polyester resins, glycidyl ethers da epoxy resins, da dai sauransu.
3. Yadi da bugu da rini masana'antu: amfani da su sa man shafawa, danshi absorber, masana'anta-hujja shrinkage magani wakili, watsawa wakili da kuma shigar da wakili.
Hanyoyin Ajiya:
1. Ajiye a wuri mai tsabta da bushe, ya kamata ku kula da ajiyar da aka rufe.Kula da danshi-hujja, ruwa-hujja, exothermic, tsananin haramta hadawa da karfi oxidants.Ana iya adana shi a cikin kwantena mai kwanon rufi ko bakin karfe.
2. Cushe a cikin ganguna na aluminum ko galvanized baƙin ƙarfe ganguna ko adana a cikin tankuna masu layi tare da resin phenolic.Ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga danshi, zafi da ruwa yayin ajiya da sufuri.An haramta sanya glycerol tare da karfi oxidising jamiái (misali nitric acid, potassium permanganate, da dai sauransu).Yakamata a adana shi da jigilar shi bisa ga ka'idojin sinadarai masu ƙonewa gabaɗaya.
Bayanan Ajiye samfur:
1.Ajiye a cikin dakin ajiya mai sanyi, mai iska.
2.Kiyaye daga wuta da tushen zafi.
3.Kiyaye akwati a rufe.
4.Ya kamata a adana shi daban daga magungunan oxidising, rage wakilai, alkalis da sinadarai masu cin abinci, kada ku haɗa ajiya.
5.An haɗa shi da nau'in da ya dace da kuma yawan kayan aikin kashe wuta.
6.Yankin ajiya ya kamata a sanye shi da kayan aikin gaggawa na gaggawa da kayan aiki masu dacewa.
