2-Butanone |78-93-3
Bayanan Jiki na Samfur:
| Sunan samfur | 2-Butanone |
| Kayayyaki | Ruwa mara launi tare da wari mai kama da acetone |
| Wurin narkewa(°C) | -85.9 |
| Wurin tafasa (°C) | 79.6 |
| Dangantaka yawa (Ruwa=1) | 0.81 |
| Dangantakar tururi mai yawa (iska = 1) | 2.42 |
| Cikakken tururin matsa lamba (kPa) | 10.5 |
| Zafin konewa (kJ/mol) | -2261.7 |
| Matsakaicin zafin jiki (°C) | 262.5 |
| Matsin lamba (MPa) | 4.15 |
| Octanol/water partition coefficient | 0.29 |
| Wurin walƙiya (°C) | -9 |
| zafin wuta (°C) | 404 |
| Iyakar fashewar sama (%) | 11.5 |
| Ƙananan iyakar fashewa (%) | 1.8 |
| Solubility | Mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, miscible a cikin mai. |
Abubuwan Samfura:
1.Chemical Properties: Butanone yana da saukin kamuwa da nau'ikan halayen saboda ƙungiyar carbonyl da kuma hydrogen mai aiki kusa da ƙungiyar carbonyl.Kwangila yana faruwa lokacin da aka yi zafi da hydrochloric acid ko sodium hydroxide don samar da 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexen-2-one ko 3-methyl-3-hepten-5-one.Lokacin da aka fallasa hasken rana na dogon lokaci, an samar da ethane, acetic acid da samfuran narke.Lokacin da oxidized tare da nitric acid, biacetyl yana samuwa.Lokacin da oxidised tare da chromic acid da sauran karfi oxidants, acetic acid aka samar.Butanone yana da ɗan kwanciyar hankali don zafi, sama da 500°Cthermal fatattaka don samar da alkenone ko methyl alkenone.Lokacin da aka haɗa shi da aldehydes na aliphatic ko aromatic, yana haifar da ketones masu nauyi masu nauyi, mahaɗan cyclic, ketones da resins, da dai sauransu. Misali, lokacin da aka haɗa shi da formaldehyde a gaban sodium hydroxide, yana haifar da bi-acetyl.Alal misali, condensation tare da formaldehyde a gaban sodium hydroxide da farko samar 2-methyl-1-butanol-3-daya sa'an nan dehydrates don samar da methylisopropenyl ketone.Wannan fili yana fuskantar resination lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga hasken rana ko hasken ultraviolet.Condensation tare da phenol yana samar da 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane.Yana amsawa tare da esters aliphatic a gaban mai haɓakawa na asali don samar da β-diketones.Acylation tare da anhydride a gaban mai haɓaka acidic don samar da β-diketone.Amsa da hydrogen cyanide don samar da cyanohydrin.Yana amsawa tare da ammonia don samar da abubuwan da suka samo asali na ketoperidine.α-hydrogen atom na butanone ana maye gurbinsa da sauri tare da halogens don samar da ketones iri-iri na halogenated, misali, 3-chloro-2-butanone tare da chlorine.Yin hulɗa tare da 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine yana samar da rawaya 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (mp 115 ° C).
2.Kwarai: Kwanciyar hankali
3. Abubuwan da aka haramta:Soxidants mai karfi,karfi rage jamiái, tushe
4. Hadarin polymerisation:Ba polymerisation
Aikace-aikacen samfur:
1.Butanone ne yafi amfani a matsayin sauran ƙarfi, kamar lubricating man dewaxing, Paint masana'antu da kuma iri-iri na guduro kaushi, kayan lambu hakar tsari da kuma refining tsari na azeotropic distillation.
2.Butanone kuma shine shirye-shiryen magunguna, dyes, detergents, kayan yaji, antioxidants da wasu masu kara kuzari sune tsaka-tsaki, wakili na anti-desiccant na roba methyl ethyl ketone oxime, polymerisation catalyst methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, etching inhibitor methyl pentynol, da dai sauransu, a cikin masana'antar lantarki azaman hoton hoto na haɗaɗɗun da'irori bayan mai haɓakawa.
3.An yi amfani da shi azaman abin wanke-wanke, wakili na dewaxing mai mai, vulcanisation accelerator da matsakaicin amsawa.
4.Amfani da kwayoyin halitta.An yi amfani dashi azaman bincike na chromatographic daidaitaccen abu da sauran ƙarfi.
5.An yi amfani da shi a cikin masana'antar lantarki, ana amfani da shi azaman tsaftacewa da kuma ragewa.
6.In Bugu da ƙari, ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin gyaran man fetur, sutura, kayan taimako, adhesives, dyes, pharmaceuticals da kayan aikin lantarki, da dai sauransu, an fi amfani dashi a matsayin mai narkewa don nitrocellulose, resin vinyl, resin acrylic da sauran resins na roba.Amfaninsa shine mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da ƙarancin ƙarfi fiye da acetone.A cikin hakar kayan lambu mai, tsarin tsaftacewa na azeotropic distillation da shirye-shiryen kayan yaji, antioxidants da sauran aikace-aikace.
7.It ne kuma danyen abu don kwayoyin kira kuma za a iya amfani da a matsayin sauran ƙarfi.A cikin masana'antar tace mai don lubricating wakili na dewaxing mai, yayin da ake amfani da su a magani, fenti, rini, wanki, kayan yaji da lantarki da sauran masana'antu.Mai narkewa don tawada mai ruwa.An yi amfani da shi a cikin kayan shafawa don yin ƙusa ƙusa, a matsayin ƙarancin zafi mai zafi, zai iya rage danko na ƙusa, bushewa da sauri.
8.Amfani da sauran ƙarfi, dewaxing wakili, kuma amfani da Organic kira, kuma a matsayin albarkatun kasa don roba kayan yaji da kuma Pharmaceuticals.
Bayanan Ajiye samfur:
1.Ajiye a cikin dakin ajiya mai sanyi, mai iska.
2.Kiyaye daga wuta da tushen zafi.
3.The ajiya zafin jiki kada ya wuce37°C.
4.Kiyaye akwati a rufe.
5. Ya kamata a adana shi daban daga magungunan oxidising,rage adadin alkalis,kuma bai kamata a gauraya ba.
6.Yi amfani da hasken wuta-proof da wuraren samun iska.
7.Hana yin amfani da kayan aikin injiniya da kayan aiki masu sauƙi don haifar da tartsatsi.
8.Yankin ajiya ya kamata a sanye shi da kayan aikin gaggawa na gaggawa da kayan aiki masu dacewa.
